That's patently not true. If it were, then the general population of human beings on Earth would've remained steady since the dawn of agriculture, which even before the "industrial revolution" proper it hadn't.

That's because we have continually been bringing new land and resources into production. If you're a theory reader, Jason Moore's Capitalism and the Web of Life is all about this idea and the dialectics of appropriation and exploitation that drive social change. It's a really really good read.