"Google is constantly optimizing and tweaking its apps through various A/B tests, and the latest one for the Play Store has us scratching our heads quite a bit. We’ve noticed that the familiar and handy install button is disappearing for some in the Play Store’s search results, which means that you actually have to tap through to the full app listing to install an app. This behavior isn’t in place for all results and apps, though, making the tweak feel arbitrary and random..."
I have the update and it makes sense to me. I don't want to accidentally click install while scrolling through search results. The arrow functions as a drop down preview of the app for easy comparison. The install button is still there on the main app screen.
Do apps really install the moment you press the button on Android? On iPhone you have to confirm through Face ID or by entering your passcode first.
Yes, in my experience.
Installation is just the same as getting an app on desktop and telling it that yes, you do want to run it. (I know that sometimes requires a password, but sometimes it doesn't and I'm not sure why but that's how Android Play Store installations work).
It depends on whether or not your account is setup to request authorization each time.
It seems that this is a safeguard:
When you search for an app’s specific name, you likely already know what you want to get, and you probably just want a quick way to install it without going through any hassles. However, if you have a more generic term or if you’ve confused one app for another, it might make sense to first take a proper look at the detailed listing in order to avoid installing the wrong app or, worse, a phishing or scamming app (some will always slip through Google’s malware and abuse scanners). In those cases, Google likely wants to enforce this extra tap to make sure to at least give you the chance to read up on the app, its description, and its reviews before you tap that install button.
I guess it makes sense. Aurora Store (a FOSS frontend for the Play Store) doesn't have install buttons in the search results at all, and F-Droid only has install buttons in the search results for apps without "anti-features" (i.e., potentially worrisome privacy practices, etc.).