Updated map with fixed capitals
First map in a series called Whalefall, the plot is basically that in the mid 2020s the USA collapses hard, sparks a chain of events that drags most other nations into civil wars, and is reunited by communists, but only after fighting reduces almost all cities to rubble. In universe, the map in question is made by the International Socialist Federation, the successor to the UN. Most nations in it don't go through nearly as much as the FAC does, however. More details are in the map text.
Most of the country was being bombed with whatever explosives could be gathered by opposing forces for 5 years, and urban guerilla cells ravaged even cities far away from combat in the front lines.
Are there any other examples of such dramatic depopulation from a civil war, especially in less than a decade? Feels extreme just for the sake of being extreme. So does 24 year life expectancy.
Rwanda I'd assume
Yeah, I'm seeing that got to 40% of the population fled or killed. But
this is closer to 60%
in a massively larger country
with far more difficulty to leave, physically
Paraguay in the 1870s wasn’t involved in a civil war, but it suffered a similiar level of devastation