For example in a tree, the water is lifted from the high concentration in the soil to the low concentration higher up in the tree. But at the end of that process the water has been elevated, which should take energy (=mgh), but it seems like it kind of gets lifted for free without spending any energy?
Similarly, dipping a paper towel into a bowl of water, the water "climbs" the towel (by capillary action?) and absorbs upwards, meaning the water was lifted upwards (so gained potential energy) seemingly for free?
Not sure but I think because water sticks to surfaces and pulls on other water molecules. I think this is what the capillary effect is based upon. Thus also (partly) how trees get their water upwards, and how sponges absorb water