Update: Turns out that I didn't play far enough into the main quest. After joining That space adventure club thing and bringing Lisa Sarah with me I was able to finally get where I needed to be to complete that timed quest.
Thanks to all that helped.
I just started (about 4 hours in) and the game won't let me fast travel to another planet. "Fast travel is currently unavailable to this location".
It's too far away to just fly to (flew for about half an hour before getting bored), so how am I supposed to get there to continue a quest? Am I supposed to just wait it out as I fly there in realtime? What am I missing?
Turns out that I didn't play far enough in the main quest to be able to jump to where I needed to be. Thanks for the help.