(Paris, 1909 - London, 1943) French writer. She belonged to a family of the Jewish bourgeoisie, she studied at the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris, where she was a disciple of the philosopher Alain and for which she received her doctorate with a thesis on Descartes. She subsequently taught philosophy at the Escuela Normal Superior (1931-1934).
Convinced that to understand the workers 'struggles one must share the living conditions of the proletariat, she dropped out of education and, from 1934 to 1935, was a worker in the Renault factories, an experience that she described in The Workers' Condition, which would not see the light of day until 1951. .
At the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), she Simone Weil went to the front of Barcelona, where she fought alongside the Republicans against the military uprising led by General Francisco Franco. Soon after, she went through a spiritual crisis and became close to Christianity. In 1942, in the framework of the Second World War, she joined the forces of Free France based in London.
Hola Camaradas :fidel-salute-big: , Our Comrades In Texas are currently passing Through some Hard times :amerikkka: so if you had some Leftover Change or are a bourgeoisie Class Traitor here are some Mutual Aid programs that you could donate to :left-unity-3:
Here is a list of Trans rights organizations you can support :cat-trans:
Here are some resourses on Prison Abolition
Alexander, M - ‘The New Jim Crow’ (2010)
Davis, A - ‘Are Prisons Obsolete’ (2003)
Jackson, G. - ‘Blood in My Eye’ (1972)
Vitale A.S - ‘The End of Policing’ (2017)
https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/angela-y-davis-are-prisons-obsolete
http://www.deanspade.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/Building-an-Abolitionist-Trans-Queer-Movement-With-Everything-Weve-Got.pdf
The State and Revolution :flag-su:
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Yesterday’s megathread :sad-boi:
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THEORY; it’s good for what ails you (all kinds of tendencies inside!) :RIchard-D-Wolff:
COMMUNITY CALENDAR - AN EXPERIMENT IN PROMOTING USER ORGANIZING EFFORTS :af:
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No, of course not, both were manifestations of the centralising of the means of production and (free) labour that initially started in the 12 century and accelerated in the 1400s. They are intertwined in that they have the same basal cause, and that they interacted with one another and drove the development of each other. It wasn't a simple looting-drives-tech scenario, but looting did help drive some tech.
Now the question is, could you have an industrial revolution without colonialism? Uhh, probably, if the European silver crisis had been solved in some other way colonialism might have been way more limited and focused on Asia. But it would look very different, and probably reach an unstable crisis point earlier as labour becomes exploited at a more rapid pace.
I still think oil, or some other bottleneck commodity, would have led to the need for expansion. Capital flows seem to constantly become dependant on some constant trading and flow of some universalized commodity like oil, or now data for a lot of the first world.
That's true, but must that happen via colonialism, or could commodity utilisation be more globally distributed when the bottleneck commodity (originally silver, then spices, coal, metal ores, and oil) comes into play? We know that happened in the Bronze age with very distributed commodity networks.
I can quite easily imagine if Spain and Portugal don't go east and west that a silk road-dominated Bourgeoise with an Italian/Ottoman/Persian/Indian/Chinese Bourgeois class might develop from it. Capitalism still happens, but Imperialism becomes an action mostly class rather than nation-centric.
I don't think you can actually, steam engine is an unwieldy beast, it takes 1000s labor hours to make, it's stationary, initial efficiencies were abysmal. If it doesn't run 24/7, you return on labor required to build it is kinda low compared to just straight employing people. But to work it all the time you have to have same raw material, as retooling is also expensive. So it has to be relatively unspoilable and abundant raw commodity, leaving metal ores and textile, maybe coffee/sugar.
The first steam engine uses were for english copper mines if I recall. Certainly it's use for transport had some colonial connections, as did textiles (though at this point mostly Ottoman cotton was being used, not American) but if I recall Germany was the most focused on industrialising via steam because it's limited resources meant it had to, and it was moderately isolated from colonial goods having no colonies until the late 1800s (though of course it still benefited indirectly.)
Germany came later to the party, plus industrializing later benefits from others early mistakes and frequently produces good results (see japan/korea), as you take most advanced means of production everywhere simultaneously.
Yes, you’re right about some mines, I think I’ll have to reread early history of steam engine then, cheers.