At the same time, it is also worth noting that the closed form formula is working with irrational numbers which can only be represented approximately in computers, and thus in some rare cases the method may produce incorrect result due to approximation errors.
I'm nitpicking, but golden ratio can actually be represented exactly in computers. This is because the golden ratio is not merely an irrational number, but also an algebraic number. By definition, any real algebraic number can be represented as an integer vector, which contains a polynomial and two rationals that identify a root of the polynomial. Alas, the multiplication of algebraic numbers is quite involved and certainly far slower than the linear algebra approach for Fibonacci numbers.
I'm nitpicking, but golden ratio can actually be represented exactly in computers. This is because the golden ratio is not merely an irrational number, but also an algebraic number. By definition, any real algebraic number can be represented as an integer vector, which contains a polynomial and two rationals that identify a root of the polynomial. Alas, the multiplication of algebraic numbers is quite involved and certainly far slower than the linear algebra approach for Fibonacci numbers.