The Haitian Revolution was a successful insurrection by self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign state of Haiti, initiated by a slave revolt on this day in 1791.

Although the rebellion began in 1791, Haiti didn't achieve formally achieve independence from France until 1804. The Haitian Revolution was the only slave uprising that led to the founding of a state which was both free from slavery and ruled by its non-white former captives.

The revolt began when thousands of slaves began to kill their masters and plunged the colony into civil war after a well-attended vodou ceremony. Within the next ten days, slaves had taken control of the entire Northern Province in a slave revolt of unprecedented scale.

The slaves sought revenge on their masters through "pillage, rape, torture, mutilation, and death". Over 200,000 black people died from the initial uprising until independence thirteen years later.

Toussaint Louverture was a notable military leader of the revolution, but died shortly before independence was won. His former lieutenant, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, became the first leader of the newly independent nation in 1804.

"Of men who had cowered trembling before the frown of any white ruffian, [Toussaint Louverture] had made in ten years an army which could hold its own with the finest soldiers Europe has yet seen."

  • C.L.R. James, in "The Black Jacobins: Toussaint L'Ouverture and the San Domingo Revolution"

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  • DragonNest_Aidit [they/them,use name]
    ·
    2 years ago

    Just heard about the 16 years old Alzheimer study that have become the bedrock to its field is revealed to be fraudulent, and then I learned about replication crisis and how majority of scientific studies across all fields are garbage. Apparently it's because of profit-driven science forcing researchers to just keep publishing papers to make money?

    This seems huge, in particular because even the sacred cow that is STEM is not immune to this. I mean trust in science have been going in the shitters for year and if this thing becomes mainstream knowledge it would be absolutely disastrous. Can more informed comrades elaborate this?

    • CheGueBeara [he/him]
      ·
      2 years ago

      This has been a thing in any country where science funding is handed out competitively and where your ability to stay employed as a researcher depends on you bringing in more and more grants. There's an incentive to publish as many and as high-"impact" (read: to prestigious journals) papers as possible and very little in the way of basic ethical controls within academia, so the most sociopathic fucks rise to the top and even the principled folks that do well will make compromises.

      The last thing you're gonna get rewarded for, generally speaking, is spending the extra time to publish fewer papers that are highly reproducible, or, God forbid, actually do the replication of others' work.

      Luckily, peer review doesn't end with publication. When people try to use fraudulent work and it isn't true, their own work will fail and eventually they'll figure out that that it was bullshit all along. And publishing that result is 50:50 on being incentivized/disincentivized, so eventually the word gets out. Fun fact: it's 50:50 because the fucks reviewing papers will often reject your shit when it disagrees with "consensus", they simply don't believe your results.

      But in the meantime, entire fields will be spinning their wheels, wasting billions of dollars, losing opportunities for nerds to do actually good research.

    • emizeko [they/them]
      ·
      2 years ago

      hadn't heard about the fraudulent study so I looked it up, here's an article for others

      https://www.science.org/content/article/potential-fabrication-research-images-threatens-key-theory-alzheimers-disease