Sputnik 1 (/ˈspʌtnɪk, ˈspʊtnɪk/, ‹See Tfd›Russian: Спутник-1, Satellite 1) was the first artificial Earth satellite. It was launched into an elliptical low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957 as part of the Soviet space program. It sent a radio signal back to Earth for three weeks before its three silver-zinc batteries became depleted. Aerodynamic drag caused it to fall back into the atmosphere on 4 January 1958. The world's first observation was made at the school observatory in Rodewisch (Saxony).

It was a polished metal sphere 58 cm (23 in) in diameter with four external radio antennas to broadcast radio pulses. Its radio signal was easily detectable by amateur radio operators, and the 65° orbital inclination made its flight path cover virtually the entire inhabited Earth.

The satellite's success was unanticipated by the United States. This precipitated the American Sputnik crisis and triggered the Space Race, part of the Cold War. The launch was the beginning of a new era of political, military, technological, and scientific developments. The word sputnik is Russian for satellite when interpreted in an astronomical context; its other meanings are spouse or traveling companion.

Tracking and studying Sputnik 1 from Earth provided scientists with valuable information. The density of the upper atmosphere could be deduced from its drag on the orbit, and the propagation of its radio signals gave data about the ionosphere.

Sputnik 1 was launched during the International Geophysical Year from Site No.1/5, at the 5th Tyuratam range, in Kazakh SSR (now known as the Baikonur Cosmodrome). The satellite traveled at a peak speed of about 8 km/s (18,000 mph), taking 96.20 minutes to complete each orbit. It transmitted on 20.005 and 40.002 MHz, which were monitored by radio operators throughout the world. The signals continued for 22 days until the transmitter batteries depleted on 26 October 1957. On 4 January 1958, after three months in orbit, Sputnik 1 burned up while reentering Earth's atmosphere, having completed 1,440 orbits of the Earth, and travelling a distance of approximately 70,000,000 km (43,000,000 mi).

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  • GalaxyBrain [they/them]
    ·
    1 month ago

    You should be able to take our security guards at stores mgs style, still non lethal, but you should be able to sneak up behind them and put em in a chokehold and then stuff em in a changing room and then be able to take all you want. Grocery store nearby is fucking shadow Moses island, last night while heading in the back door cause they lock the street facing one after 7pm now so the elderly and disabled have to walk around through the loading bay where if there is a truck docked it allows only enough space for one car at a time and blocks the view of what's coming in a space you NEED to cross, I saw someone walking away and then a floorwalker with a walkie talkie following her calling the cops and using fucking cop talk to describe her "suspect is wearing such and such", I pretended to be talking really really loud on my phone as close as I could get without it being too weird until she had some distance. It's a real bummer too cause I used to shoplift from there all.the fucking time, it was super easy. No bags so everyone brought their own, no door scanners and an organic section alcoved off right near the exit. Now it's locked down super tight. I know I'm on their watch list cause of the consistent theft I was doing for like 6 years, never got caught but I'm certain they suspected me, I look like a scumbag and would often just walk in, fill 3 bags with like $400 of stuff and just waltz out. Now that it's hard it feels like I'd have more fun stealing as well, the thrill.of the game was lost when I eventually just decided I don't pay for groceries and just only shoplifted. Now it's expensive, way riskier and cause life is kinds boring the temptation of running that risk is there