They'd really need a course to understand the pricing. There's the basic visit charge which should reflect the level of treatment provided. They select one of the level options and do not see a price. Labs could go to a different facility for processing and priced by a system into which the doctor has no visibility. After these and other charges are combined, they could be fed into some sort of pricing machinery that's so complex that hospital systems just buy products that do that pricing instead of trying to figure it out in-house. All of that yields what they expect from insurance. What insurance says you have to pay is a function of your copay structure, coinsurance, deductible and how much they want you to hate your life. Afterwards, the hospitals' financial assistance policy may come into play.

There have been some attempts to make all of this somewhat more transparent in recent years -- you can search for "shoppable services" to learn more.