The neurosurgeon, Dr Hari Priya Bandi, had pulled an 8cm-long parasitic roundworm from her patient, prompting her to call on Senanayake and other hospital colleagues for advice about what to do next.

The patient, a 64-year-old woman from south-eastern New South Wales, was first admitted to her local hospital in late January 2021 after suffering three weeks of abdominal pain and diarrhoea, followed by a constant dry cough, fever and night sweats.

The surprising discovery prompted a team at the hospital to quickly come together to uncover what kind of roundworm it was and, most importantly, decide on any further treatment the patient might require.

The Canberra hospital patient marks the world-first case of the parasite being found in humans.

"You don't want to be the first patient in the world with a roundworm found in pythons and we really take our hats off to her. She's been wonderful."

"Of the emerging infections globally, about 75% are zoonotic, meaning there has been transmission from the animal world to the human world. This includes coronaviruses."This Ophidascaris infection does not transmit between people, so this patient's case won't cause a pandemic like Covid-19 or Ebola."

Infectious diseases physician Prof Peter Collignon, who was not involved in the patient's case, said some cases of zoonotic diseases may never be diagnosed if they are rare and physicians don't know what to look for.