These are very historical, but that's kind of what you want.

• Anyway, Fernand Braudel's three part series, Civilization and Capitalism, 15th-18th Century, is a fantastic account of the rise of the West and its material culture. (Vol 1, 2, and 3 here)
• Giovanni Arrighi's The Long Twentieth Century builds off of Braudel's research is particularly concerned with capital formation and long business cycles in the imperial core, and explains really well how the three hegemons (the Dutch, the British, the Americans) were created.
• For a more general history of the world, with an eye towards why the West got so fabulously rich, check out John Darwin's After Tamerlane.
• For some counterfactual history of why the West got rich and the East didn't, I recommend ReORIENT: Global Economy in the Asian Age by Andre Gunder Frank, The Great Divergence: China, Europe, and the Making of the Modern World Economy by Kenneth Pomeranz, and Fossil Capital: The Rise of Steam-Power and the Roots of Global Warming by Andreas Malm.
• Check out The Origin of Capitalism: A Longer View by Ellen Meiksins Wood for a specific look at how the capitalism virus spread from England to the rest of the world.