The Russian Revolution of 1905, also known as the First Russian Revolution, was a wave of mass political and social unrest that spread through vast areas of the Russian Empire. It included labor strikes, peasant unrest, military mutinies, and the formation of grassroots councils (soviets) of people's power. It is widely felt that the 1905 revolution set the stage for the 1917 Russian Revolutions, and for Bolshevism to emerge as a distinct political movement. Lenin later called it "The Great Dress Rehearsal", without which the "victory of the October Revolution in 1917 would have been impossible".

The 1905 revolution was spurred by the Russian defeat in the Russo-Japanese War, which ended in the same year, but also by the growing realization by a variety of sectors of society of the need for reform in the face of agrarian crisis, economic stagnation, and political repression. However, it is generally felt that the detonator of the insurrection were the events of “Bloody Sunday”, in which a mass demonstration -led by priest and police agent, Georgy Gapon- which had sought to petition the Tsar for relief, was fired upon by the troops, killing hundreds of marchers.

There followed clashes in St. Petersburg, and spreading unrest throughout the rest of the Russian Empire. Strikes spread in three great waves: January, October, and November. In June the crew of the battleship Potemkin famously mutinied against their officers. There were further clashes in St. Petersburg in December.

The rebellion did not overthrow the autocracy, but by late 1905 the Tsar felt obligated by events to agree to constitutional reforms, including the establishment of the State Duma, a multi-party political system, and the Russian Constitution of 1906.

Documents Russian Revolution of 1905

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  • FuckyWucky [none/use name]
    ·
    8 months ago
    dog bonelessness

    "Imagine a small community comprising 100 dogs. Each morning they set off into the field to dig for bones. If there are enough bones for all buried in the field, then all the dogs could succeed in their search.

    Now imagine that one day the 100 dogs set off for the field as usual but this time they find there are only 95 bones buried.

    Some dogs who were always very skilled at finding bones might dig up two bones and others will dig up the usual one bone. But, as a matter of accounting, at least five dogs will return home bone-less.

    Now imagine that the government decides that this is unsustainable and decides that it is the skills and motivation of the bone-less dogs that is the problem. They are not skilled or motivated enough. Thus, if the problem were to be constructed to be an individual one, then an individual- ised solution would be appropriate.

    So, a range of dog psychologists and dog trainers might be called in to work on the attitudes and skills of the bone-less dogs. The dogs undergo assessment and are assigned case managers. They are told that unless they train they will miss out on their nightly bowl of food that the government provides to them while bone-less. They feel despondent.

    After running and digging skills are imparted to the bone-less dogs, things start to change. While the training helps some dogs improve their luck at finding bones, others turn up boneless.

    All the training does is to shuffle the queue, always leaving at least 5 dogs without bones.

    No amount of training and motivational speeches can resolve the problem; the only solution is to provide more bones.

    The point is that when there are insufficient jobs available in the economy, the unemployed are powerless to redress that shortage no matter how hard they search.

    Supply side programmes, concentrating on the motivation or skills of the unemployed, will only shuffle the jobless queue in a situation of jobs shortage"