I don't wear shoes in the house but I don't think there's much validity around cleanliness unless you've got a shower by the front door and are doing a full wash and change (and even then, I'm not convinced this would make a positive difference in most scenarios)
Mud and stones very easily get stuck to shoes, and tracking in water is a dick move too.
Mud and stones very easily get stuck to shoes, and tracking in water is a dick move too.
When it rains here I'm pouring out my shoes
Surely if your shoes are wet or muddy you take them off before you go in? That goes beyond "always take off your shoes" surely
Most places around me have a mat and shoe rack at the entrance.
It's always wet and muddy as well, so it might as well be the same as "always take off your shoes"