There's very little evidence that the dust bowl, or the great depression generally caused significant excess death. To be sure, there was several thousand likely excess deaths, but the death rates did not fluctuate much compared to the 1920s or 1940s.
Here's a recent study on the mortality rates in American cities during the great depression. https://jech.bmj.com/content/66/5/410.abstract?sid=5c77edc9-6cfa-4154-be20-8272b1ca03b4
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There's very little evidence that the dust bowl, or the great depression generally caused significant excess death. To be sure, there was several thousand likely excess deaths, but the death rates did not fluctuate much compared to the 1920s or 1940s.
Here's a recent study on the mortality rates in American cities during the great depression. https://jech.bmj.com/content/66/5/410.abstract?sid=5c77edc9-6cfa-4154-be20-8272b1ca03b4