It's not hunger as in "people starving", it's hunger in the sense of not being constantly anxious over where your next meal comes from. As long as people do not have the cognitive space to even think about changing their food, they probably won't. I'd include America in this statement about "vegetarianism" won't become a majority without living condition changes".

This is true, India is very socially complex. However, something I see in India that I haven't really seen elsewhere is how big they are on being vegetarian. People in India aren't all forced to be vegetarians, many are very proud of being vegetarian because the major religions of the nation all say something about killing animals, like even Muslims have Halal meat rules. There's been a discourse there for thousands of years in that culture that has made people want to be vegetarians. With 30-40 percent of the nation identifying themselves as vegetarian, they are a functionally vegetarian nation.

You are right though, we need to teach children to think about animal welfare more.