Photo - The Catholic priest Edward Daly waving a blood-stained white handkerchief while trying to escort the mortally wounded Jackie Duddy to safety

Bloody Sunday, also known as the Bogside Massacre, was a massacre of Irish anti-internment protesters by the British government that took place on this day in 1972, in the Bogside area of Derry, Northern Ireland.

The massacre is considered one of the most significant events of the Troubles. The protest, organized by the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA), was in opposition to a state policy of internment without trial that was introduced in August of 1971.

On January 18th, 1972, Prime Minister of Northern Ireland Brian Faulkner banned all parades and marches in response to widespread civil unrest. The march was organized despite this order.

On the day of the protest, approximately 10,000-15,000 joined the march, however their path was blocked by British Army barriers. The protest descended into chaos, with British soldiers defying orders, chasing down protesters and attacking them indiscriminately. 26 people were shot, and 14 were killed. Many of the victims were shot while fleeing from the soldiers or attending to the wounded, while others were injured by shrapnel, rubber bullets, batons, or being ran down by army vehicles.

The soldiers were from the 1st Battalion Parachute Army, and had also participated in the Ballymurphy massacre several months prior. The events of Bloody Sunday greatly increased hostilities between Northern Ireland and the British government.

On 2 February 1972, the day that twelve of those killed were buried, there was a general strike in the Republic of Ireland, the biggest such strike in Europe since the Second World War relative to population.

Bloody Sunday came to be regarded as one of the most significant events of the Troubles because so many civilians were killed by forces of the state, in view of the public and the press. It was the highest number of people killed in a shooting incident during the conflict and is considered the worst mass shooting in Northern Irish history. Bloody Sunday fuelled Catholic and Irish nationalist hostility towards the British Army and worsened the conflict. Support for the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) rose, and there was a surge of recruitment into the organisation, especially locally

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