Old barn find I breathed new life in because gravel bikes are too expensive so fuck it I'll make my own.
Just waiting for the last parts since i lost some plastic thingamabobs I need for the STIs.
Sometimes I think I should keep my bike shop like surgically clean so I don't lose the small, crucially important plastic bits in the mess of parts and old boxes but alas, if your personal shop doesn't look like you could outfit a frame with parts you find on the ground, is it even a shop?
i dont know the technical, modern, nor correct terms for these things, I just know they call them dropouts, on a track bike, they're called fork ends, and vintage bikes have dropouts that let you adjust the wheel back and forth, but modern ones are set where they are and the derailleur hangs on the frame, but i dont remember if that's always been the case
Gotcha and...sort of I guess. Most world-traveling bikes still offer both, but at a premium, premium price.
Otherwise I think ya gotta look for old frames. Or jury rig some stuff together, I can't remember where I saw it but I once saw someone working with emergency rear derailleur hangers on a long dropout frame to some effect
some 90s road and touring bikes have vertical dropouts and threaded steerers. Soma grand randonneur is a newer option along with some high end stuff.