On this day in 1927, the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) called a strike of all mine workers, which was quickly heeded in Colorado. Nearly all the mines in Colorado were closed, and the dozen still open did so using imported scab labor. For the still-operating Columbine mine, scab workers were housed in Serene, which was fortified with barbed wire on the fences and armed guards.

Mass rallies had been held by workers outside the Columbine mine in Serene for several weeks and, on the morning of November 21st, miners and their families were fired upon by a militia of ex-police, armed with machine guns and tear gas. Six people were killed, and the event became known as the "Columbine Massacre".

The owner of the Rocky Mountain Fuel Company, Josephine Roche, brought an end to the strike several weeks after the incident at Columbine by declaring that the company union was to be affiliated with the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and recognizing the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA). The backbone of IWW support in the Colorado mines was broken, and the revolutionary union went into decline.

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  • Dimmer06 [he/him,comrade/them]
    ·
    edit-2
    2 years ago

    Running on snow is safer than ice, shorten your strides if it's slick, warm up a little beforehand, you'll still need the same amount of water as a warm weather run, and you need surprisingly little in the way of extra clothes. All the heat you produce gets trapped in and insulates if you layer and tuck correctly. My zero degree outfit was spandex shorts and long sleeve, spandex tights and a cotton long sleeve, then a hoody or a fleece top, with wool socks, hat, mask/scarf, a pair of gloves and mittens. My breath would freeze on my face but i was nice and toasty running in that.

    A moisture wicking base layer is very important. I would get wool socks in case your feet get wet too. You should be golden though.