While leading the 39th Army Group, he planned to defect to the Japanese, but before he could do so he was kidnapped and killed by his sworn brother and subordinate Gao Shuxun, who later gained command of this unit.
In December 1940, due to Shi Yousan's attempt to surrender to Japan, Gao Shuxun arrested him and buried him alive by Chiang Kai-shek's secret order.
top 10 anti-anime betrayal betrayals of all time
After the third betrayal, you'd think that people would stop trusting this guy
The sort of guy to get super into westerns and ambiguously possessed by an arm
Pearl S. Buck's novel Sons deals with this culture of warlordism and backstabbing. It's the sequel to The Good Earth and is nowhere near as excellent, but still a good read. Plus it's got Wang Lung in it again, which is good too.