doesn't seem to matter what kind of crisis occurs, there's always something new for capital to continue its exploitation. for example, is it possible that in the nick of time, capital will discover cheap fusion and just use that to avoid total climate catastrophe in some way?
I dont think a collapse could ever put us back at the primitive stage where primitive communism is the norm, rather we would end at a medieval level of technology that only relies on things that werent exhausted during the industrial era pre collapse. In such a world there is room for capitalism in some form to exist, although less global and more merchantile like early capitalism. The exploitation of the industrial era would be too much of a living memory for the exploitation to just disappear.
I guess that depends on the kind of collapse. Full on nuclear war that leaves only a fraction alive would be more likely to go to primitive communism but a combo of ecological collapses and the resulting social impacts would be more likely to end the way you describe imo. God willing we will never find out