The French Wars of Religion (1562-1598) were a series of eight conflicts between Protestant and Catholic factions in France lasting 36 years, The fighting ended in 1598 when Henry of Navarre, who had converted to Catholicism in 1593, was proclaimed Henry IV of France and issued the Edict of Nantes, which granted substantial rights and freedoms to the Huguenots. However, Catholics continued to have a hostile opinion of Protestants in general and of Henry, and his assassination in 1610 triggered a fresh round of Huguenot rebellions in the 1620s.

Tensions had been rising between Protestants and Catholics since 1534 but the religious and political situation worsened after Henry II (r. 1547-1559) died from an injury. His son, Francois II (Francis II, r. 1559-1560), crowned king at the age of 15, had been married to Mary, Queen of Scots (l. 1542-1587) who was the niece of Francis, Duke of Guise (l. 1519-1563) and his brother Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine (l. 1524-1574). Although Francis II was of age to rule on his own, his mother, Catherine de ‘Medici (l. 1519-1589) encouraged the Guise brothers to assume control as Francis II was inexperienced and sickly.

The House of Guise, devoutly Catholic, then exercised the power behind the throne and were hostile to the efforts of the Huguenots (French Protestants) who were advancing their vision in France. In March 1560, a group of Huguenots tried to kidnap Francis II to remove him from the influence of the Guise brothers. The plot, known as the Amboise Conspiracy, was discovered and anyone thought to be involved, as well as over 1,000 other Huguenots, were executed. In retaliation, Huguenots began vandalizing Catholic churches and rising tensions led to the Massacre of Vassy in March of 1562, in which Catholics killed more Protestants, starting the first war.

Conflict continued, with periods of armed peace between hostilities, until 1598 when King Henry IV, recognizing that France would never accept a Protestant king, converted to Catholicism (allegedly, with the famous line, “Paris is well worth a Mass”). His Edict of Nantes (1598), granting rights to Protestants in France while maintaining Catholic sovereignty, ended the French Wars of Religion (which had cost approximately 4 million lives) but did not address the underlying tensions which continued to erupt throughout the next century.

French Wars of Religion - World History Encyclopedia :france-cool:

French Wars of Religion - Comprehensive Documentary - Pike & Shot Channel :macron:

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  • GinAndJuche
    ·
    3 months ago

    The overwhelmingly urge to kill the person who left the door open and let my cat out a couple days ago. She still don’t back, I’ve left out food, I’ve been losing hours of sleep walking around calling her…

    If she isn’t back ever I’m doing something immoral if not illegal

    • sappho [she/her]
      ·
      3 months ago

      I would be devastated in your position. I'm so sorry

    • Kuori [she/her]
      ·
      3 months ago

      whatever you do to the asshole responsible may be illegal but it's perfectly moral

      hope your kitty comes back to you soon. if you haven't yet you could try leaving out her litter box, allegedly that can help guide them home

      • GinAndJuche
        ·
        3 months ago

        Thanks for the litter box idea

    • GalaxyBrain [they/them]
      ·
      3 months ago

      I hope they're back soon. A couple days is still I'm the safe zone for cats, someone posted below putting her litter box out. Sometimes they just find a forward operating base and do outdoor cat stuff from there for a day or two before coming back, you're a few days out from things looking too grim. However whatever you feel you need to do in retaliation, I sanction to the absolute fullest.

      • GinAndJuche
        ·
        3 months ago

        I’m waiting a couple more day. Tomorrow I’m calling the chip company and reporting her missing in case she ends up in a pound or a kind soul takes her to a vet.

        My planned retaliation would go over terribly here because it violates a valid principle, but fuck it. It (the “person” in question) is an easy target. I rescued this cat as kitten when I found her outside at work. She’s like a kid to me. It’s happened before and I tried to put my foot down because 1) protect kitty 2) protect local wildlife

        • GalaxyBrain [they/them]
          ·
          3 months ago

          Wait, your cat is chipped and you haven't already? Get on that. And you don't need to justify anything to me. My cat is my favorite living being by a good margin. I would probably get real dark in retaliation to anyone that messed with her.

          • GinAndJuche
            ·
            edit-2
            3 months ago

            She’s been gone for a few days before (it’s happened before), and the company phone person got pissy with me and threatened charges if I waste their time. I set a 4 day time limit and that’s tomorrow morning.

            My personal hypothesis is she returns to the store I was working at (the one her mom abandoned her at) and that would make sense for a day or so each way at cat speeds.

            Edit: fuck it, you’re right. Calling now. Why wait.

            Edit 2: monetary charges

            • GalaxyBrain [they/them]
              ·
              3 months ago

              The company people aren't allowed to be mad, it's their fucking job. They aren't 911, you paid for the chip, you aren't wasting their time cause it's not their timez they're on the clock and your call is the job they are paid to do. I doubt they're flooded with fucking calls. If they charge you, escalate the call and tell their boss what I just said. It's what they're there for.

              • GinAndJuche
                ·
                3 months ago

                True true, but I wouldn’t put it past a company to have something like that in fine print. Going to call rn actually , if not open I’ll set an early alarm. I want my kitty home safe. Thanks for pointing out how I shoulda done this sooner, was the kick in the pants I needed