Marx's Morginian, unilineal cultural evolution of feudalism -> capitalism -> communism is genuinely what he got wrong and Sylvia Federici does a great critique of it in Caliban and the Witch
It isn't simply cultural. At some point you need efficient engines of Capital to juice productivity and raise living standards.
But efficient capital necessarily displaces labor and results in a lumpen residual for some amount of time. A socialist government can stack the deck in favor of leftist ideological goals by deciding who gets promoted and who faces early retirement. But when capital comes online faster than workers reach retirement age, some amount of PMC / Lumpen population split is going to occur.
CatW addresses how European women were treated unfavorably during their transition. But it doesn't seem to explain how you simply avoid the problem of surplus labor.
Marx's Morginian, unilineal cultural evolution of feudalism -> capitalism -> communism is genuinely what he got wrong and Sylvia Federici does a great critique of it in Caliban and the Witch
It isn't simply cultural. At some point you need efficient engines of Capital to juice productivity and raise living standards.
But efficient capital necessarily displaces labor and results in a lumpen residual for some amount of time. A socialist government can stack the deck in favor of leftist ideological goals by deciding who gets promoted and who faces early retirement. But when capital comes online faster than workers reach retirement age, some amount of PMC / Lumpen population split is going to occur.
CatW addresses how European women were treated unfavorably during their transition. But it doesn't seem to explain how you simply avoid the problem of surplus labor.