I always thought the Mamma being referred to was 's

In Russian they often say "fucked your mother" in such situations, usually shortened to just "your mother"

That’s because unlike god, mothers are real and omnipotent and thus pose a much greater threat to Italians

They also say "Marone!"

Basically slang for "Madonna!" aka "Mary" the Biblical mother* of Jesus

You're eating pasta with the guys talkin' business. Son stomps in with muddy shoes. Ma is watching TV too loud. You work too fuckin' hard all day to take this shit. "Oh, Marone!" 🤌 "I jus' can't take it anymore!" 🤌

*edit: No one corrected me typing wife instead of mother

They're referring to Mary, it's the Catholic version of saying "my god"

You don't joke about the main Italian goddess

In Spain we combine the best of both and we say madre de dios (mother of god)