Not advanced maths per se; neural networks are amazing! Fuzzy matching based on experience - taken to an incredible level. And, tuneable by internal simulation (imagination).
Most people who've been juggling for awhile don't need too much additional practice to be able to do at least a few blindfolded catches just because of how consistent your throws get after awhile.
The other thing that's interesting is how pattern recognition in flying things people aren't generally used to seeing develops. I used to play ultimate, and when people start learning how a frisbee flies they might be susceptible to chasing it down by following along the path of the disc rather than moving directly to where it's going to end up. This is sometimes called dogging the disc because (many) dogs do the same thing. But then you learn to "read" the disc and you can tell by the flight path and angle of the disc where it's going to land.
I was always amazed at how we can catch objects in flight.
Compared to how long it takes me to calculate projectile momentum in Physics 1
Or tiny birds that can expertly navigate wind currents with an almond sized brain using real-time force feedback. The computational power at their disposal is very well optimized for what they do.
Another one is levelling.
A lot of people can see a picture frame is about 0.5° out of level and their fucking eye twitches until they fix it
Me included
That's nuts when you think about it
I purposefully slightly tilt most my wall hangings. I like watching guests squirm when they mention it and I do nothing
microslippages: some of us just call it what it is ... masturbation
If you're about to walk into a bar with you head, or like the top of a doorpost or smt. You'll instinctively pull back and avoid the obstacle, inches before it hurts, because your brain notice the hairs on your head moved. That's why men who have recently gone bald, often have bumps and bruises on their head. My bald colleague told me that for him, that was the hardest thing about going bald.
The overwhelming majority of all neurons in our body are just for controlling movement. Ironically, things like language or creativity require very little of our computing power and might be replicated by machine learning and a sufficiently beefy computer. But complex motor tasks? We're way ahead of our current tech on that.
We are heading into a great world, where the computers will be doing intellectual and creative stuff, while humans will be doing manual labour.