at least if its to an extent greater than the people of the culture they are appropriating, and/or they have no connection to it. I don't think Brother Ali is appropriating black culture by being white and rapping about American empire, because he has an actual early-life connection to rap and isn't using it for something vapid. But removing something from its original context entirely and putting it to use for an different purpose, contradictory to its original purpose, does not even need to be described in terms of culture for it to be obvious how exploitative it is.