Guy Debord, born on 28 December in 1931, was a Marxist philosopher and filmmaker who co-founded the Situationist International and authored "The Society of the Spectacle" (1967).
Guy Debord began his career as a writer after dropping out of the University of Paris, where he was studying law. Debord joined the Letterist International, a group of avant-garde French artists and intellectuals, when he was 18.
Debord was first to propose the concept of the "Spectacle", referring to the role of media, culture and advertising in post-World War II consumerist society, and the way it is able to commercially co-opt and repackage counter-cultural ideas and movements.
On the nature of media and the new-found emphasis on appearance, Debord stated "Just as early industrial capitalism moved the focus of existence from being to having, post-industrial culture has moved that focus from having to appearing."
The concept of "Spectacle" became central to the ideas of the Situationist International, which Debord co-founded in 1957. Ideas from the Situationists proved influential on protesters during the May 68 uprising in France, where quotes and slogans from Situationist work would appear on graffiti and posters.
Debord himself would disband the Situationist International in 1972, following internal tensions amongst its members, and would focus on creating experimental film and tabletop war games, publishing "A Game of War" in 1987.
Suffering from depression and alcoholism in his later years, Debord committed suicide at his home in 1994.
"The more powerful the class, the more it claims not to exist."
- Guy Debord
Situationist International
The Situationist International (SI) was an international organization of social revolutionaries made up of avant-garde artists, intellectuals, and political theorists. It was prominent in Europe from its formation in 1957 to its dissolution in 1972. The intellectual foundations of the Situationist International were derived primarily from libertarian Marxism and the avant-garde art movements of the early 20th century, particularly Dada and Surrealism. Overall, situationist theory represented an attempt to synthesize this diverse field of theoretical disciplines into a modern and comprehensive critique of mid-20th century advanced capitalism.
Essential to situationist theory was the concept of the spectacle, a unified critique of advanced capitalism of which a primary concern was the progressively increasing tendency towards the expression and mediation of social relations through objects. The situationists believed that the shift from individual expression through directly lived experiences, or the first-hand fulfillment of authentic desires, to individual expression by proxy through the exchange or consumption of commodities, or passive second-hand alienation, inflicted significant and far-reaching damage to the quality of human life for both individuals and society. Another important concept of situationist theory was the primary means of counteracting the spectacle; the construction of situations, moments of life deliberately constructed for the purpose of reawakening and pursuing authentic desires, experiencing the feeling of life and adventure, and the liberation of everyday life.
The situationists recognized that capitalism had changed since Karl Marx's formative writings, but maintained that his analysis of the capitalist mode of production remained fundamentally correct; they rearticulated and expanded upon several classical Marxist concepts, such as his theory of alienation. In their expanded interpretation of Marxist theory, the situationists asserted that the misery of social alienation and commodity fetishism were no longer limited to the fundamental components of capitalist society, but had now in advanced capitalism spread themselves to every aspect of life and culture.
When the Situationist International was first formed, it had a predominantly artistic focus; emphasis was placed on concepts like unitary urbanism and psychogeography. Gradually, however, that focus shifted more towards revolutionary and political theory. The Situationist International reached the apex of its creative output and influence in 1967 and 1968, with the former marking the publication of the two most significant texts of the situationist movement, The Society of the Spectacle by Guy Debord and The Revolution of Everyday Life by Raoul Vaneigem. The expressed writing and political theory of the two aforementioned texts, along with other situationist publications, proved greatly influential in shaping the ideas behind the May 1968 insurrections in France; quotes, phrases, and slogans from situationist texts and publications were ubiquitous on posters and graffiti throughout France during the uprisings.
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Guy Debord: The Life, Death, and Afterlife of a Brilliant Crank :debord-tired:
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Enragés and Situationists in the Occupations Movement :france-cool:
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I have no evidence to back it up but suspect that my so-called career has been supplanted by large language models like ChatGPT. It's not that they do a good job, it's that they save a company enough money in a one-quarter forecast to justify their shitty work. I expect (hope?) that widespread use of LLMs subsides once the hype dies down. Observations after four months of unemployment
They’re going to fuck a lot of people over. It’s so funny how in every one of these presentations they blow smoke up our asses about how “the aim isn’t to replace people, but to make people more efficient”
Like ok if you make a worker 3x more efficient then you need 1/3 the workers for the same amount of work
All the firms that have refused to replace workers lost to attrition for years probably saw this and jumped for joy.
Oh yes definitely. I know for a fact that they gave all of my work to my former coworkers on top of their regular duties, because they have the LLM to "do it for them"
I use the copilot feature in Azure, which should in principle work better than any other LLM since you don't need to set any context (it's aware of your environment and code). It's helpful because I can spin up examples and fill in gaps documentation doesn't cover but I've yet to get it to give me back even remotely workable code. As I said it does help me familiarize myself with some new things quicker, but at the same time this feels like TAing undergrad computing courses where you mostly just a bunch of vaguely relevant nonsense.
I'm not sure I'm buying that it's saving time, outside of where management thinks if is and the workers are too scared to report overtime
So like a high-tech rubber duck?
Adam Johnson on the pod
made a good point in some episode this year that LLMs can spit out a lot of content, but most of it is so poor that it takes just as much time to rewrite it as it does to create something from scratch. That's been my experience with it too
"Why would I bother to read something no one could be bothered to write?" is my favorite quote to date summing up my feelings on "AI".
My 2C, I don't think it's LLMs. There was a lot of demand for digital services during covid, which subsided after. A lot of companies overstaffed based on 2020-2021 demand, and have since done layoffs/hiring freezes and been overly cautious since. I think it's a chaotic job market due to that more than LLMs.
I agree, I think it's mostly due to the interests rates rising (businesses can no longer take out free loans), but I do feel like the LLMs have been a nice little bonus for porkies who are trying to find more excuses to lay people off or forego hiring