On this day in 1913, the Dublin Lock-Out began as hundreds of tram workers went out on strike, growing into one of most significant industrial disputes in Irish history. It involved ~20,000 workers and 300 colluding employers, and leading to the founding of the Irish Citizen Army (ICA) to protect worker demonstrations.

In the years leading up to the strike, the Irish Transport and General Workers' Union (ITGWU) had been seeking to unionize and radicalize the Irish workforce. Founded by socialist revolutionary James Larkin in 1908, the ITGWU was the first Irish union to cater to both skilled and unskilled workers.

In July 1913, three hundred businesses (led by capitalist William Martin Murphy) agreed to not allow the ITGWU to unionize the Dublin workers. Murphy dismissed hundreds of workers of suspected of union membership soon after. Employers in Dublin then locked out their workers, affecting tens of thousands of Irish workers, many of whom were already the poorest in the United Kingdom.

After outbreaks of violence between striking workers and strike-breakers, James Connolly, Larkin and ex-British Army Captain Jack White formed a worker's militia, the Irish Citizen Army, to protect workers' demonstrations.

The lock-out eventually concluded in early 1914, when the Trades Union Congress (TUC) in Britain rejected Larkin and Connolly's request for a sympathetic strike. Most workers, many of whom were on the brink of starvation, went back to work and signed pledges not to join the ITGWU, which was further weakened when Larkin fled to the United States and James Connolly was executed in 1916.

Many of the blacklisted workers joined the British Army, having no other source of pay to support their families, and quickly found themselves in the trenches of World War I. ITGWU eventually recovered and gained strength after WWI; by 1920 the ITGWU was Ireland's largest union with 120,000 members, compared with its pre-war peak of 24,135 at the start of January 1913.

• The Dublin 1913 Lockout :trouble:

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Wmill's Moscow problems

So one winner and that's comrade @comi so nice work :rat-salute: .

Which hand?

Give a friend an "even" coin (say, a dime - ten is an even number) and an "odd" coin (say, a nickel). Ask them to hold one coin in their right hand and the other in their left.

Tell them to triple the value of the coin in their right hand and double the value of the coin in their left, then add the two.

If the sum is even, the dime is in their right hand; if odd, in their left.

Explain, and think up some variations.

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Back from a time when the Irish were based and not cringe