I like to think of the superstructure as the necessary scaffolding that empowers the base and lets it continue existing. Industrial capitalism needed literate workers so we got schools. Private industry didn't want to foot the bill on that so we got public schools. Technology didn't exist so that trades could be totally eliminated, so we got trade schools. Rich kids wanted the best education and it served as a networking tool for industry so we have private schools. It's not that schools wouldn't exist under any other mode, or didn't exist before capitalism, it's just that the particular flavor of schooling exists because capitalism needed it.

I think Psychology is a great one because it developed almost entirely out of early capitalism's need to understand and control those who didn't want to work. I'm not saying it's invalid and we shouldn't study people's minds. I myself have benefited from psychology and psychiatry. But it's origins come from people not wanting to work and capitalism trying to pathologize that rather than address why work was unfulfilling and caused psychic damage.