Anecdote: years ago I was in a conversation with a Chinese (as in, PRC citizen who came to the US on a visa) fellow grad student and the topic turned to the worn-down parts of the city our campus was in and near, dilapidated, neglected, and likely overly-policed neighborhoods lived in by predominantly Black and brown renters (including some African and Latin-American diaspora), the sort of "inner-city" ghetto neighborhood depicted in Black gangster films. He said walking through that neighborhood was like visiting a "fourth world country".