The original sentiment is as old as liberalism, that people could enter into “free and voluntary” contracts that would benefit all involved parties, shit like that.

This particular meme though references a very similar type of meme in which it is Mao that does not consent (generally to some kind of landlord rental situation). This comes from Mao’s conception of the Mass Line, a way for a revolutionary party to support the people. The party should reach out to understand the needs of the people, use Marxist analysis to formulate a plan to address these needs, and finally ask for the consent of the people before enacting the plans.