How China Escaped Shock Therapy is about the economic liberalization following Mao's death and the large role of planning and the state in that marketization. It also discusses pre-modern Chinese debates about the role of the state.

I have not read it, but I know that The Governance of China was specifically written to help westerners understand the Chinese system.

As far as theory goes, the foreign languages press has economic problems of socialism in the ussr by Stalin with notes from Mao. The notes are where this fits into your post. You can download the PDF here. Stalin goes into the theory of central planning and state led socialist economics, and Mao adds his own thoughts and local concerns. Even if/how they deviated from Stalin's theory in regards to practical application in China.

I don't know of any reliable economic analysis, as China('s history) is very inaccessible to western academics for a multitude of reasons.

A Concise History of Chinese Economic Thought by Hu Jichuang is a book about pre-modern Chinese philosophers' take on the economy. It's less about the actual economy of pre-modern China (each dynasty has their own unique economic policy and some of the longer ones like the Han dynasty went through multiple economic policies) and more about how Chinese philosophers thought the economy ought to be arranged.

Here's also some Wikipedia articles about pre-modern China's economy. Some of them are pretty long:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_history_of_China_before_1912

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Chinese_currency

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxation_in_premodern_China

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Han_dynasty

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Song_dynasty

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Ming_dynasty

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