I was just thinking about the history of logographic writing systems vs alphabets, and how both of the two times alphabets have emerged (with the vulgarization of Egyptian hieroglyphs into a phonetic script which later became the Phoenician alphabet which was then the ultimate basis of all European alphabets*, and with the creation of hangul in Korea to replace Chinese logograms with something easier to attain mass literacy in) it was because of the direct problem of logograms being obtuse and requiring tons of education to become literate in, then thinking about the crisis the CPC faced with the extremely low literacy rates immediately following the revolution and the lengths they had to go to to address that.

To be clear I'm not asking "why did they not simply do better?" because they objectively succeeded in attaining mass literacy despite the difficulties posed by logograms. Instead I'm wondering if anyone's well read enough to explain what their reasoning was? Because I can see several possibilities, ranging from "it was genuinely less work to just go ahead and do that despite the extra education logograms require when you're building a mass education system anyways," to something like "despite the difficulties it was politically and culturally important to make even the elite writing system that previous Chinese governments had systematically denied to the public into something everyone could use," or even to "the thought literally never even came up: it was a foregone conclusion they'd stick with the existing system and the only question was how to teach it as fast as possible," but the extent of my knowledge on the subject is that their desperation for literate functionaries led to them recruiting a bunch of former elites (educated professionals, business owners, and even landlords - absentee ones who lived in cities and who were thus spared the justice at the hands of their erstwhile tenants that happened in rural areas) despite their dubious backgrounds, and that they launched a mass literacy campaign which was ultimately successful.

There's also the possibility that what qualified as basic literacy education in the classical or early modern periods was just of a materially different enough character that meant logograms weren't as viable as a popular system even when there was a political will to try to spread literacy, whereas mass education was a solved problem by the mid 20th century and intensive enough that there was little difference between teaching full literacy in an alphabet and teaching full literacy in logograms. "Literacy" for a 17th century Korean peasant could have just been being able to read some short text with some difficulty (something that could be attained with next to no training in hangul, but would require years of education in Chinese characters), while literacy for someone in the 20th century entailed both reading and writing with complete fluency alongside a large vocabulary.

* This category includes things like Norse runes, despite their radically different appearance, as well as the creation of alphabets for Native American languages from characters that were commonly used in printed materials (that was an intentional material choice, so that existing press characters could be repurposed instead of needing new, bespoke ones in order to print in their own language).

  • Maoo [none/use name]
    ·
    1 year ago

    Simplified Chinese only really exists because the party adopted it, so they did address one writing system barrier.

    I don't have an explanation that I feel fully confident in, so I'll just leave some notes that add context:

    • China is huge and diverse, with many dialects using the same characters and words but pronouncing them very differently. Therefore, a phonetic character set would need to capture multiple words for the same thing and ensure effective translations into dialects.

    • There were efforts to adopt a unique phonetic approach and one that was just a romanized pinyin. Neither took off as an official system. Pinyin is going in that direction, though, imo.

    • The need to increase literacy ASAP is inherently at odds with taking time to make decisions. I would not be surprised if expediency was an important factor. The party wanted to develop the country ASAP and address a ton of issues at once.

    • KobaCumTribute [she/her]
      hexagon
      ·
      edit-2
      1 year ago

      China is huge and diverse, with many dialects using the same characters and words but pronouncing them very differently. Therefore, a phonetic character set would need to capture multiple words for the same thing and ensure effective translations into dialects.

      Fuck that completely slipped my mind. That's another very strong reason to stick with what already existed.

      • Chapo_is_Red [he/him]
        ·
        1 year ago

        I've heard when Sun Yat-sen first went to Japan, he didn't know spoken Japanese. But, he could communicate with his hosts thru writing.

        The same was true throughout the world for the literati also of Vietnam, Korea and so on.

    • regul [any]
      ·
      1 year ago

      My in-laws have told me that written Mandarin and written Cantonese are different, but probably not as different as they would be with an alphabet, as you say.

      • TerminalEncounter [she/her]
        ·
        1 year ago

        Probably because of Hong Kongers still using traditional. AFAIK, Guangzhou and other southern mainland China towns use simplified.