I've been a patient at a dental school (i'm poor) for about 5 years. The instructors are all phd md's and I asked one of them about the difference between the two types of fluoride compounds in toothpaste and turns out the instructor did their phd with a (large N) study on the differences between the two. They said there was NO statistical difference between them. There is a big difference in price though. They said as long as proper brush technique was used any fluoride toothpaste produced the same results. There are some studies funded by toothpaste manufacturers that contradict this but the instructor seemed confident in their results. They also referenced a study that shows electric toothbrush vs regular toothbrush shows no difference again assuming proper technique. As far as technique goes they are recommending the Modified Bass technique (google if you're interested) as it helps preserve the gum/tooth interface and avoids pushing bacteria into the gum line.

Mouth bacteria colonies form a biofilm like many other bacteria colonies do as an evolutionary survival mechanism. Your clean water pipes and sewer pipes in your house each have unique bacteria colonies that both form biofilms in the pipes. Seawater and freshwater boats also have unique bacteria colonies that form biofilms below the waterlines and so on. So the bacteria in your mouth will start to form a biofilm almost as soon as you're done brushing your teeth. After 24 hours the film will be thick enough and/or hard enough to withstand the force of nylon brushes so as long as you brush at least once every 24 hours the brush will be able to scrape the newly forming biofilm off your teeth. You need to scrape every exposed tooth surface at least every 24 hours but more frequently is good insurance since the 24 hour # is an approximation.

The two main types of fluoride from the study were Sodium Fluoride and Stannous Fluoride. Manufacturers get a big premium for the latter. Only fluoride is listed as an active ingredient so all the other crap in toothpaste is woo.