He was captured in 1945, was a witness at the Nuremberg trials, and was tried and hung in Poland in 1947. While in prison, he wrote a memoir that is much more chilling than "the banality of evil" of the dumb fuck Eichmann variety.

The history of the Nazi Germany has become so Disneyfied. No one reads or really knows much about it anymore. Everyone vaguely knows (if that!) that the Nazis did camps and that was bad, but that's all. But when you read that text, I think it becomes clear that not only such atrocities can be repeated very easily today, they will be repeated precisely in the name of all that is "good."

Anyway. Höss was the only SS officer at the Nuremberg trials who testified to everything that he'd done. During his own trial he confessed, admitted his guilt, and refused the opportunity to appeal. You will see from the memoir he was a smart, and not even particularly callous man. AND FUCKING YET. That's the point. It is chilling to the bones, and is all the more chilling because of how lucid that memoir is. The only reason he admitted his wrongs was because the Nazis were defeated. It will make you think about those yet undefeated and the atrocities they commit in the name of what they may genuinely consider to be "good."

Links, huge trigger warning obviously :

The memoir (skip to page 118, that's where his tenure at Auschwitz starts)

A kind of condensed article about Höss , with some quotes from the memoir + the trial in Poland

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_H%C3%B6ss
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rudolf_H%C3%B6ss

People are forgetting this shit. It is not enough to know that Nazis = bad. We'll fucking repeat it without learning what actually happened. Look at Ukraine where an SS division has recently been celebrated in the capital because some people there hate the USSR legacy more than they hate fascism, treating these death squads as "liberators."

  • Yanqui_UXO [any]
    hexagon
    ·
    4 years ago

    here's a sample quote, eternally relevant:

    There were three main political groups among the Polish prisoners, and the adherents of each fought violently against the others. The strongest was the chauvinistic nationalist group. Each group competed with the others for the most influential posts. When one man managed to obtain an important position in the camp, he would quickly bring in other members of his own group and would remove his opponents from his domain. This was often accomplished by base intrigue. Indeed I dare say that many cases of spotted fever or typhus resulting in death, and other such incidents, could be accounted for by this struggle for power. I often heard from the doctors that this battle for supremacy was always waged most fiercely in the hospital building itself. It was the same story in regard to the control of work. That and the hospital building offered the most important positions of power in the entire life of the camp. Whoever controlled these, ruled the rest. And they did rule too, in no halfhearted fashion. A man who held one of these important positions could see to it that his friends were put wherever he wished them to be. He could also get rid of those he disliked, or even finish them off entirely. In Auschwitz everything was possible. These political struggles for power took place not only in Auschwitz and among the Poles, but in every camp and among all nationalities. Even among the Spanish Communists in Mauthausen there were two violently opposed groups. In prison and in the penitentiary I myself had experienced how right and left wing would fight each other.

    In the concentration camps these enmities were keenly encouraged and kept going by the authorities, in order to hinder any strong combination on the part of all the prisoners. Not only the political differences, but also the antagonisms between the various categories of prisoners, played a large part in this.

    However strong the camp authorities might be, it would not have been possible to control or direct these thousands of prisoners without making use of their mutual antagonisms. The greater the number of antagonisms and the more ferocious the struggle for power, the easier it was to control the camp. Divide et impera! [divide and conquer] This maxim has the same importance, which must never be underestimated in the conduct of a concentration camp as in high politics.

    Also, maybe, if this above interests you, have a look at Agamben's Homo Sacer, whose main thesis is that the camp has become global and we live in it.

      • Yanqui_UXO [any]
        hexagon
        ·
        4 years ago

        Yes, exactly, so spot on. It is very disheartening to read stuff like this, but on the other hand I truly hope we can learn from it, get inoculated in a way, that there is really so many things that can only be accomplished collectively and can never be completed individually

      • JuneFall [none/use name]
        ·
        4 years ago

        than a site of fierce in-fighting between prisoners

        Nice that you are now reproducing the view of a Nazi official who wrote the memoir (as I wrote earlier was problematic and might happen, so good I have an example in this thread already), also to justify the violence his troops dealt against prisoners. The way of the camps were run also were to have some amount of violence within it to keep easier control by the guards.

        This is a concept which isn't new and has a learned tradition which can be found in the genocidal camps of German colonialism, can be seen in the way the freedom fighters (e.g. pass law resisters) where handled in Apartheid South Africa and more.

        Don't fucking take a Memoir of a fucking Nazi as reality, don't fucking spread their perspective - esp. if you have alternative perspectives which are based on history

          • JuneFall [none/use name]
            ·
            edit-2
            4 years ago

            Learn to read you asshole. Höss is literally justifying why his troops deal violence in his books(*), if you aren't able to distinct between his writings and mine you make a great point for me: That we shouldn't have as top post of today a history-channel advertisement for a Nazi memoir.

            *: He does this by taking the Nazi trope of Slavs and communist and gays are violent and have to be kept in check if you don't want them to be violent against each other (this is even in the quoted text by OP)

            • hauntedjetty [he/him,they/them]
              ·
              4 years ago

              understanding how the Nazis stoked minor divisions in their prison camps to the point of violence isn't the same thing as believing Nazi tropes about Slavs and communists being inherently violent

        • Nagarjuna [he/him]
          ·
          4 years ago

          Okay, but also, we have record of the nazis deputizing prisoners to act as guards, and using it as a tool to sow division between categories of prisoners. The divide and conquer thing isn't this one Nazi

    • SoyViking [he/him]
      ·
      4 years ago

      The divide and conquer approach is one of the oldest tricks in the book and had been used in many other carceral settings. I think it is a well-established fact that US prison guards have encouraged the formation and rivalries between gangs to prevent prisoners from realising their common interests and standing together.

      • emizeko [they/them]
        ·
        edit-2
        4 years ago

        there have been multiple separate incidents where California prison guards were caught staging gladiator fights and placing bets on them

  • SoyViking [he/him]
    ·
    4 years ago

    The thing about how he started out as commander of Auschwitz is bone-chilling. It is basically a middle manager bitching about office politics and about how the incompetence of those below him ruins his brilliant plans and good intentions. He could just as well have been running a furniture factory as a murder factory.

    His evil is banale. The Nazis were not uniquely monstrous people, they were ordinary, unremarkable people who committed some of the most monstrous crimes in human history for trivial and petty careerist reasons because of Nazi ideology. They were not cartoonish supervillains who were defeated for good in 1945. People like Höss are as common today as they were back then. If a new genocidal system arises it will have no trouble finding willing henchmen to do the murders.

    • TrumanShow_IRL [none/use name]
      ·
      4 years ago

      not uniquely monstrous people, they were ordinary, unremarkable people

      nice class analysis of the petit bourgeoisie

  • disco [any]
    ·
    4 years ago

    In the same vein, I want to recommend “Into That Darkness” by Gita Sereny. Written after a series of extensive interviews with the commandant of Treblinka, which is notable for being an outright extermination camp as opposed to “just” a concentration camp.

    It interweaves the man’s life story, almost verbatim as he narrates it in the interview, with stories from the camp survivors, other guards, and local resistance fighters, so we get a Rashomon like view one of the most terrible places in modern history.

    One portion that I found to be of particular interest was his induction into the extermination program. His superiors sold it to him (not untruthfully) as something that was already being done “quite successfully” in America.

    You can read it on the Internet Archive

  • CommunistShoplifter [none/use name]
    ·
    4 years ago

    but I have read it.

    I’d also reccomend Inside The Third Reich by Albert “I’m a fucking liar” Speer, The German Dictatorship by Karl Dietrich Bracher and The Holocaust by Martin Gilbert in terms of learning about how normalised and horrifically unremarkable much of the Nazi beuracracy and rise to power really was.

    There’s also a hard to find book called “hitler’s propaganda war” that is genuinely insightful and yet out of print.

    • Mrtryfe [none/use name]
      ·
      4 years ago

      Honestly I still shudder wondering what would happen if they got their hands on the atomic bomb. You already have a maniacal country like the US dropping two of them - imagine what a desperate Hitler would've done.

  • duderium [he/him]
    ·
    edit-2
    4 years ago

    Thanks for this. I also appreciate the other reading recommendations that have been posted here. I just want to add a few things that I've found helpful in understanding "this shit." To defeat the bug, we must know the bug.

    The Nazi Party Platform —before they seized power, the Nazis were an actual political party and as such they had to operate in Weimar Germany. They used both legal and illegal methods, although I think their stormtroopers are much more famous than their legal attempts to win over voters. In looking at their platform, you can see that they pretty much promise all things to all people—except for Jews, of course. Understanding that National Socialism really is a (contradictory) combination of nationalism and socialism can help you see the same ideology today even as it tries to cloak itself in places like the American two-party system. This quote from Mussolini, the official inventor of fascism, is also useful: "Fascism should more appropriately be called Corporatism because it is a merger of state and corporate power." Wherever corporatism exists, you will likewise see the same results as Nazism.

    The Mass Psychology of Fascism—Wilhelm Reich was a star pupil of Freud's and psychoanalyzed members of the petite bourgeoisie and proletariat in central Europe during the 1930s. Also an activist member of the KDP (who was expelled I believe for criticizing the USSR when it turned against abortion and divorce), he sprinkles his most famous book with plenty of quotes from Marx and clearly views the world in a dialectical materialist way. (Reich is also despised by the kinds of idealist petite bourgeois shrinks many of us hate.) Basically, Reich's thesis is that when it's obvious that the workers and the petite bourgeois should overthrow capitalism—as it was obvious during the Great Depression—but they don't, something else is clearly at work. Yes, it's cultural hegemony, but propaganda doesn't work unless it falls on fertile ground, and Reich believed that sexual suppression during puberty transforms people into fascists during late capitalism, which is why we see the same material circumstances producing the same sorts of people today: a rural religious male living under late capitalism who owns or expects to own a house or a business (and who belongs to the majority ethnic group) has a strong chance of being a fascist / QAnon nut / voting for Republicans. This is not a dichotomy of course, but a dialectic: the capitalist system encourages this kind of suppression, which in turn encourages the capitalist system.

    The Psychopathic God—really thorough history of Germany going back several centuries combined with a thorough analysis of virtually every aspect of Hitler's existence. To the surprise of very few, Hitler was an absolute shitstorm of a human being—abused and neglected by his father, coddled by his mother, and encouraged to rise to the top by a dying socioeconomic order.

    The Reactionary Mind—I've only read the beginning of this book because it honestly was repeating itself a lot and looked like it needed an editor or possibly even a total rewrite, but until the author started repeating himself I found a lot of his analysis useful. Reactionaries seem incredibly sensitive to challenges to their power, which may help to explain why American Republicans constantly panic over every last little thing the Democrats do, while socialists typically view Republicans and Democrats as almost being indistinguishable in their evil/incompetence.

  • JuneFall [none/use name]
    ·
    edit-2
    4 years ago

    This post is really fucking problematic (it currently is the second post you see on this website). If there is one thing we don't need it is pushing information about Nazi thought and their own Point of View (after the war).

    You might think there are nice passages, but are they any more good to read than the accounts of survivors and reconstruction of the processes by historians?

    We also got so much theory already we could read, and you suggest a Nazi (who is revered by Nazbols, too). Makes me kinda sick honestly.

    • aerides [comrade/them]
      ·
      4 years ago

      I don't think anybody here is in danger of being Nazified. I do, however, think people here are painfully ignorant of how power works in the real world.

      Gonna say this post is :halal:

    • HumanBehaviorByBjork [any, undecided]
      ·
      edit-2
      4 years ago

      hm ya know somehow reading OPs post i don't think their point was it's a nice book with nice passages and the nazi was actually a good and fine dude.

      • JuneFall [none/use name]
        ·
        4 years ago

        He literally quotes a passage which gives Nazi point of view and the content of it got reproduced by OP and others in this thread. If you don't see how people who were previously uninformed and now are missinformed and spread how "Nazi guards had to use violence to keep the violent Slavs, communist etc. in check so they wouldn't hurt each other" are bad antifa practice then you aren't a materialist.

        As leftist site there isn't a reason to have history-channel advertisement of Nazis as your top post. It isn't fair to say "oh we need to know our enemy" and recommend a fucking genocidal Nazis biography for it. However I see how little antifa support is on this website by the currently awake - mostly European population - which yesterday and this night had clashes with police after first of May demonstrations.

        Name me two survivors of camps and the autobiographies of them. This would be better antifa practice than OP's posts.

      • JuneFall [none/use name]
        ·
        edit-2
        4 years ago

        'Yeah, go read "The Art of the Deal", what Parenti? No, he isn't an enemy, what the Capital, no that isn't of our enemies either, what the speeches of OR Tambo, no they aren't of our enemy either, what the collection of experiences of communist fighters who survived concentration camps, no they aren't of our enemy either, "The Art of the Deal" I tell you! You might add in some "Mein Kampf" if you are at it, surely this will be essential in your communist education - as you have to read your enemies propaganda and tell your communist friends to read their books'

        This website's community seems to have large gaps with basic antifa education and practice.

          • JuneFall [none/use name]
            ·
            4 years ago

            I genuinely think some in the West would have taken the threat of Nazism more seriously.

            Yeah, about that...

            the book in the OP are a unique opportunity

            Is just uninformed :reddit-logo: culture. If you think that, then you think we don't know about the genocide of the Ovaherero and Nama neither, cause the general's diary had a few missing pages.

            Oh wait! We do know and we actually did historical research for decades and decades and the PoV of the oppressed was actually articulated and where external sources where needed they were taken into account and also compared with other things to see if they are valid and which motivation was behind them.

            You are literally arguing like the uninformed i-am-very-smart person when you tell only Nazi PoV's are real PoV's and unique. They aren't. You are just doing something which for more than 50 years we already know, unmotivated reproducing Nazi propaganda by pushing their PoV's, you aren't new or special with that.

            • disco [any]
              ·
              4 years ago

              You are literally arguing like the uninformed i-am-very-smart person when you tell only Nazi PoV’s are real PoV’s and unique

              They are unique, though (although I didn’t say and would not say) that only Nazi POVs were unique. You’re not going to get a first person account of the administration and inner workings of the fascist death machine by reading victim testimonies. They weren’t there when the decisions were being made. You have to examine both if you want a complete picture. Maybe the “general’s diary” from your analogy would have some valuable insight into the tactics used when conducting a war of extermination, insight that might be useful when opposing those tactics in the future.

              If you see no value in that, I don’t know what to tell you.

              • JuneFall [none/use name]
                ·
                4 years ago

                Maybe the “general’s diary” from your analogy would have some valuable insight into the tactics used when conducting a war of extermination

                Just threw up a little, thanks. This is completely fictional for you, how about you actually talk to those affected by the genocide today? I don't get how much energy you spend in defending "one has the free speech to talk about unique nazis", when you do know NOTHING about the genocid vs Ovaherero and Nama and could've used the time to read about it

        • GalaxyBrain [they/them]
          ·
          4 years ago

          Yeah, read art of the deal, if you're already a leftist fucking do read mein Kampf. I'd suggest reading Parenti first, but do you really think he never read any reactionary material himself? Reading isn't fucking mind control. This weird fear of consuming things by people you disagree with will just make you ignorant.

    • Yanqui_UXO [any]
      hexagon
      ·
      4 years ago

      Nice passages? The whole thing is horrifying. If after reading that you come out thinking "well, that's nice" I don't know what to tell you.

    • CommunistShoplifter [none/use name]
      ·
      4 years ago

      The Day The Nazi Died

      We're told that after the war
      The Nazis vanished without a trace
      But battalions of fascists
      Still dream of a master race
      The history books they tell
      of their defeat in ‘45
      But they all came out of the woodwork
      On the day the Nazi died

      They say the prisoner at Spandau
      Was a symbol of defeat
      Whilst Hess remained imprisoned
      And the fascists; they were beat
      So the promise of an Aryan world
      Would never materialize
      So why did they all come out of the woodwork
      On the day the Nazi died?

      The world is riddled with maggots
      The maggots are getting fat
      They're making a tasty meal of all
      The bosses and bureaucrats
      They're taking over the boardrooms
      And they're fat and full of pride
      And they all came out of the woodwork
      On the day the Nazi died

      So if you meet with these historians
      I'll tell you what to say
      Tell them that the Nazis
      Never really went away
      They're out there burning houses down
      And peddling racist lies
      And we'll never rest again...
      Until every Nazi dies...

    • TrumanShow_IRL [none/use name]
      ·
      edit-2
      4 years ago

      If there is one thing we don’t need it is pushing information about Nazi thought

      Did you know the nazis modeled their racial colonialism after America? Read some history you might learn something 😉

    • Mrtryfe [none/use name]
      ·
      4 years ago

      This sounds like peak twitter radlib nonsense. If this post is being presented with positivity towards Nazi ideals or war crimes, you seem to be the only one seeing it that way.