Lolita has a lot of plus size options from various brands, and the cupcake shape of the dresses is still able to work very well and that's one of the main aesthetics rather than hourglasses and other slim figures like so many other femme fashion styles.

Random example from Pinterest

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Lolita does definitely have an association with the petite due to its emphasis on cuteness and how smallness connects to that, and a lot of loli brands can be hard to find in larger sizes on account of japanese standard sizes being smaller in general, but lolita also has a very big plus size audience and market. Hell Lacemarket, the main english lolita reselling site, is usually full of plus options and other larger sizes.

And in case you're tall and I misunderstood, there's a lot of full length skirts out there that you could wear too rather than short ones, plus some brands have skirt length options when ordering to account for that, and that's ignoring the custom orders you can get from indie brands. Also just in general, lolita as a style hides a lot of your natural body shape since so much of it is in the shaping of the pieces.

Unfortunately I'm personally small so I mostly don't look into plus options, but if you look into it I guarantee you could find dozens of threads and blogs on them considering how often I see them while looking for lolita stuff in general. I have looked into some of the height options before though since I'm taller than most cis women even if I'm not super duper tall.